Question

Match the following options:

Column I	Column II
A.Peritrichous flagella	1.Gingko
B.Living fossil	2.Macrocystis
C.Rhizophore	3.E.coli
D.Smallest flowering plant	4.Selaginella
E.Largest perennial alga	5.Wolffia

(a) A-3,B-1,C-4,D-5,E-2
(b) A-2,B-3,C-4,D-1,E-5
(c) A-4,B-2,C-1,D-5,E-3
(d) A-2,B-4,C-3,D-5,E-1

Answer 1

Hint: Peritrichous flagella are present on a prokaryote that symbiotically resides in the gut of animals. The living fossil is a gymnosperm that has not undergone any or little variation since its origin. Rhizophore is present in a pteridophyte and bears both the characteristics of a stem and a root. The smallest flowering plant grows in water and looks like grains of soybean. The largest perennial alga is brown in color and their thallus can grow up to 60m.

Complete answer:
-E.coli bears peritrichous flagella wherein the flagella originate from all over its body surface. Flagella are locomotory appendages in prokaryotes.
-Gingko Biloba is a gymnosperm that is considered as a living fossil because it has not changed for the last several million years since it first appeared in the Triassic period.
-The rhizophore is present in the pteridophyte Selaginella.
-Wolffia is an angiosperm that is also considered as the smallest flowering plant on the Earth. It is a free-floating aquatic plant with no roots and green-yellow thalli that looks like specks of cornmeal.
-Macrocystis is a brown alga or Phaeophyta. The giant brown algae are commonly known as kelps. Among them, Macrocystis is the largest perennial alga.

Additional Information: -Gingko Biloba is a tall tree whose height reaches up to 30m. The leaves are in a characteristic fan shape. Many horticulturists believe that the plant possesses natural immunity to several plant diseases.
-E.coli is a gram-negative bacteria that usually reside in the intestines of many animals including humans. It is a rod-shaped bacteria and a facultative anaerobe.
-Wolffia is regarded as a potential high-protein source for humans because they bear a dry weight of 40% protein which is more or less equal to the protein content in soybean.
-The rhizophore is similar to both roots and stem but it is considered a root on the basis of morphological divisions.
-Morphologically, Macrocystis are differentiated into a holdfast, stipe, and lamina or frond. The frond is photosynthetic and bears large air vesicles or bladders to provide buoyancy.
So, the correct answer is ‘A-3,B-1,C-4,D-5,E-2.’

Note: -Similar to the root, Rhizophore is completely devoid of any lateral appendages or foliar organs and grows downwards to the soil and performs the function of absorbing water through its tissues.
-It resembles a stem in the form that it arises exogenously from the tissues of the leafy shoot.