Question

Match the excretory organs listed under column I with the animals given under column II and select the correct option.

Column I (Excretory organs)	Column II (Animals)
A) Nephridia	i) Hydra
B) Malpighian tubules	ii) Leech
C) Protonephridia	iii) Shark
D) Kidneys	iv) Roundworms
	v) Cockroach

A) A-(ii); B-(v); C-(iv); D-(iii)
B) A-(iv); B-(ii); C-(i); D-(v)
C) A-(v); B-(ii); C-(iv); D-(iii)
D) A-(ii); B-(iv); C-(v); D-(i)

Answer 1

Hint: Excretion is the process by which the organisms eliminate unwanted materials from the body. In the case of human beings, the kidney is the main organ of excretion and osmoregulation. In case of invertebrates and lower vertebrates nephridia, Malpighian tubules, flame cells help in excretion.

Complete answer:
To solve this question. Let us discuss various organs of excretion.
Nephridia- It is the excretory organ present in the invertebrates. This organ is present in pairs and is similar in function to the kidney. It contains ciliated or flagellated cells and absorptive walls. It is present in Leech. (Correct match is ii)
Malpighian tubules- It is the organ of excretion and osmoregulation in insects, arachnids etc. It contains branched tubules which extend from the alimentary canal and absorb solutes, water and wastes from the hemolymph. It is present in cockroaches. (Correct match is v)
Protonephridia- It is the type of nephridia which occurs in invertebrates like platyhelminthes. Its main feature is the presence of flame cells. It is the main organ for excretion and osmoregulation. It is present in roundworms. (Correct match is iv)
Kidney- It is the main organ of excretion and osmoregulation in vertebrates especially belonging to the phylum chordata. The shark has an elasmobranch kidney. It absorbs all filtered urea from the urine. This helps in retaining urea in body fluid. (Correct match is iii)
Hydra- They do not have a specialised excretory system. The nitrogenous waste is removed from the body through the general body surface by the process of diffusion.

Thus the correct answer is option ‘A’.

Note: In vertebrates the excretion is also carried out through lungs, skin. The lungs help in eliminating the gaseous wastes like carbon dioxide from the body. The skin helps in removing excess salt from the body in the form of sweat.