Question

Match List I(Equations) with List-II (Types of processes) and select the correct option:

List I	List II
Equation	Types of process
(a) ${K_p} > Q$	(i) Non-Spontaneous
(b) $\Delta {G^{\rm O}} < RT$ In $Q$	(ii) Equilibrium
(c) ${K_p} = Q$	(iii) Spontaneous and endothermic
(d) $T > \dfrac{{\Delta H}}{{\Delta S}}$	(iv) Spontaneous

A.a-(i), b-(ii), c-(iii), d-(iv)
B.a-(iii), b-(iv), c-(ii), d-(i)
C.a-(iv), b-(i), c-(ii), d-(iii)
D.a-(ii), b-(i), c-(iv), d-(iii)

Answer 1

Hint:In chemistry, there are several chemical reactions that occur in several conditions. Each reaction has its specific property, during these reactions both usable and non-usable products are produced.

Complete step by step answer:
Before matching the given list, let's have a look at these mentioned reactions.
As we know that there are four laws of thermodynamics that are told about the physical qualities like temperature, heat, entropy, and work.
Zeroth - It tells about that temperature is a very important factor in a thermodynamic system
First law - It tells about the energy that is total energy is constant in a system, it changes in one form to another.
Second law - It tells about the irreversibility of processors; it defines spontaneous and non-spontaneous reactions.
Third law - It tells about entropy and constant temperature.
Spontaneous process - A reaction that favors the production of the product or when the rate of forward reaction is greater than the rate of backward reaction.
Non Spontaneous - A reaction that does not support the production of the product in the given condition.
Equilibrium - the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of backward reaction.

(a) ${K_p} > Q$
It shows that the rate of the forward reaction is greater than the rate of backward reaction which means it is a spontaneous reaction. Therefore, (a) matches with (iv).
(b) $\Delta {G^{\rm O}} < RT$ In $Q$
It shows that $\Delta {G^{\rm O}}$ is positive which means the reverse reaction is feasible, so it is a non-spontaneous reaction. Therefore (b) matches with (i).
(c) ${K_p} = Q$
It shows that the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the backward reaction which means It is an equilibrium reaction. Therefore, (c) matches with (ii).
(d) $T > \dfrac{{\Delta H}}{{\Delta S}}$
It shows that when $\Delta H$ is negative then $\Delta G$ will be positive which means the reaction is spontaneous and endothermic. Therefore, (d) matches with (iii).
According to these points, option (C) is the correct answer.

Note:
Endothermic reaction - A reaction in which the reactant absorbs the heat from the surrounding and produces the product. In this reaction the entropy of the surrounding area decreases. Exothermic reaction- A reaction releases heat during the reaction. In this reaction the entropy increases.