Question

Lysosomes are formed by
a. ER
b. Mitochondria
c. Ribosomes
d. None of these

Answer 1

Hint: The cell organelle that is involved in the autolysis is lysosomes, this is mainly present in the eukaryotic organisms, and because of their peculiar function, they have one named called “ suicidal bags of the cells”.

Complete answer:
- Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles and their basic function is the digesting of the cell, when it is inactive or for any other reason, by hydrolytic enzymes.
- When coming to the structure of the lysosomes, they have a membrane, whereas the area within the membrane is lumen, and the hydrolytic enzymes are present in that area.
- The destruction or digestion of lysosomes by enzymes is in a similar way how the food is digested in the stomach.
- Besides with autolysis, they also have some other functions, which are cell signaling, and cell membrane restoration, etc.
- The size of the lysosomes varies in size, typically they are in the range of 0.1 to 0.6 micrometers, while the largest one about 1.2 micrometers.
- These cells also help in the destruction of any cell debris or some other foreign particles, or in any case, it is also called autolysis, and auto phagocytosis.
- The enzymes present in the lysosomes are glycosides, proteases, and sulfatases, where they are generally synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum, where this enzyme is brought by the Golgi apparatus through a tiny vesicle, and where they merge in the lysosomes and form the big acidic enzymes.

Hence, the correct answer is option (D).

Note: The enzymes of the Golgi complex are synthesized by mRNA, from where they exit the nucleus of the cell, and in the cytoplasm, they are translated by the rough endoplasmic reticulum and these are secreted to Golgi complex, where complex leaves the enzymes by forming vesicles as lysosomes.