Question

Lichens are composites consisting of algae and
A. Mosses
B. Achlorophyllous organisms
C. Bacteria
D. Mycoplasma

Answer 1

Hint: Symbiosis means living together. It is a process in which two different species/organisms living in close physical association interact with each other for advantage of both. There are different types of symbiosis such as mutualism, commensalism, predation, parasitism and competition. Lichen is an example of mutualism where both the organisms are benefited from each other.

Complete answer:
-Mosses: Mosses are under the division of Bryophyta. They are non-vascular plants and produce spores for reproduction instead of seeds. They are commonly found in moist shaded areas in the hills.
Example: Funaria, Polytrichum, Sphagnum.
-Achlorophyllous organisms: Achlorophyllous organisms are organisms with no chlorophyll and are parasitic on other plants and animals for their food source. They are unable to conduct photosynthesis. So, act as parasites. Fungi are achlorophyllous organisms. Most of them are heterotrophs, some are saprophytes and parasites. They depend on others for their food source.
-Bacteria: Bacteria are members of kingdom Monera. They are omnipresent and abundant microorganisms. They also live in an extreme condition such as hot springs, deserts, snow and deep oceans where other life forms are unable to survive. Some are autotrophic and some are heterotrophic (depends on other organisms or dead organic matter for food)
-Mycoplasma: Mycoplasma is an organism that completely lacks a cell wall. They are the smallest living cells and can survive without oxygen. Many are pathogenic in animals and plants.
So, the correct answer is “Option B”.

Note:
In the above we detailed the symbiotic relationship of lichen. Lichens are symbiotic associations between algae and fungi. They are mutually benefited. Algae prepare food for fungi and fungi provide shelter and absorb minerals and water for its partner.