Question

Lectotype is
A. Duplicate of the holotype
B. Specimen described along with holotype
C. Specimen cited by the author without making one holotype
D. Specimen cited by the author from original material for nomenclature type when there is no holotype

Answer 1

Hint: A lectotype is a new specimen selected from the different original material that is collected to serve as a holotype when the author didn't designate a holotype. It is two types mainly holotype and syntype. There are other types namely paratype and paralectotype.

Complete answer: Lectotype refers to the new specimen selected from the different original materials which are collected to serve as holotype when the author didn't designate a holotype. It means the type which is declared from the original material if the type specimen is not described or missing or damaged. A lectotype is a specimen that is selected to serve as the single type specimen for species which are originally described from a set of syntypes. In zoology, a lectotype is a kind of name-bearing type.
There are two types of specimens: Holotype and Syntype.
a. The holotype is a single specimen expressly designated as the name-bearing “type” by the original author of the species. The holotype is a single specimen designated by the original describer or author of the form and available to those who want to verify the status of other specimens.
b. Syntype is one of several specimens in a series of equal rank used to describe the new species where the author has not designated a single holotype.

Note: The paratype is a representative specimen or sometimes specimens, other than the holotype, in the type series referred to in the original description. Paralectotype is the type of specimens remaining after a lectotype is designated. When the holotype is lost and no other specimen of the same species is not known or not present. That means that a neotype designation, which is desirable in this case but it would not be possible for the time being until they find another specimen of the species.