Question

Who is known as the father of plant tissue culture?
A. Haberlandt
B. Steward
C. White
D. Skoog

Answer 1

Hint: The father of plant tissue culture is considered to be a German botanist who discovered the concept of cell culture. He was the first to attempt an in-vitro method to grow plant tissues.

Complete answer:
Tissue culture is an artificial method involving in-vitro cultivation of plant cells, tissue, or organs in nutrient solutions under controlled lab conditions. It was first discovered in 1898 by a German botanist, Gottlieb Haberlandt. He used various plant tissues like leaves, piths, epidermis, and epidermal hairs to grow plants. All the initial experiments were fruitful for several months but did not survive for longer, it was only in the 1930s, when important components (like vitamin B and auxin) for growing the roots were discovered, which improved the plant tissue culture.
The credits for the development of tissue culture in India go to Shri Panchanan Maheshwari.
Sir Gottlieb Haberlandt’s original idea known as ‘Totipotentiality’ was presented in 1902. In 1904 he described the History of C3: C4 photosynthesis research.

Note: Tissue culture was studied since the beginning of the 1800s, but was introduced in plants only in the late 1800s. Also, Father of tissue culture is a name given to Ross Granville Harrison, an American zoologist and Father of Plant tissue culture also known as Father of cell culture is Gottlieb Haberlandt.