Question

What kind of molecule can experience hydrogen bonding?
A) Highly electropositive atom
B) Highly electronegative atom
C) Alkali Metal
D) None of these

Answer 1

Hint: We have to remember that the hydrogen bonding is the strongest intermolecular attraction between two partial charges that further attract to a neighboring atom in a molecule. Molecules of water can show hydrogen bonding.

Complete step by step answer:
As we know that the hydrogen bonding is formed between hydrogen atom and an electronegative species when attracted to a lone pair of neighboring atoms in a molecule. When an attractive force is present between an electronegative atom such as \[O\] , $F$, \[N\] or more and Hydrogen atom it will lead to the formation of this type of bonding.
Such type of attraction can also be termed as dipole -dipole interactions.
We have to know that the dipole is nothing but a magnetized pole separated by a charge. In Hydrogen bonding an electronegative atom always has a partial negative charge and Hydrogen being a proton carries positive charge.
\[N - H\] Or \[O - H\],
So in this case Nitrogen and Oxygen will have partial negative charges and Hydrogen will have partial positive charge.
Option A) this option is incorrect, as Hydrogen itself carries a positive charge on it so bonding cannot be attractive if two same charges attract each other, it will lead to a repulsive force that’s why electropositive atoms cannot be a correct option for this answer.
Option B) This option is correct, since the hydrogen bonding is intermolecular attractive bonding that takes two charges opposite to each other. An electronegative atom has a partial negative charge on it, thus it is suitable for hydrogen bonding.
Option C) since alkali metal has positive charges on it thus interactions cannot be possible to form hydrogen bonding.
Option D) since option B is correct.

Hence, the correct option is B

Note: As we know that the hydrogen bonding is formed between hydrogen atom and an electronegative atom since these two carry opposite charges thus interaction leads to a stronger attractive bonding than any other interactions. Usually hydrogen bonding can be found in water molecules since it has \[O\] atoms which act as an electronegative species and Hydrogen atom for bonding.