Question

What kind of bond is formed by hydrogen and oxygen?

Answer 1

Hint: A chemical bond is a long-term attraction between atoms, ions, or molecules that allows chemical compounds to form. Ionic bonds are formed by the electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely charged ions, while covalent bonds are formed by the sharing of electrons.

Complete step-by-step answer:
When $H_2$ and $O_2$ are reacted together, there is a clear thermochemical preference for the development of water over hydrogen peroxide, based on the energetics presented above. When hydrogen gas is burned in the presence of oxygen, for example, a significant amount of energy is emitted, with water as the primary product.

Water molecules are made up of hydrogen and oxygen atoms that are joined together by covalent bonds. The hydrogen electron divides its time between the hydrogen atom's incomplete outer shell and the oxygen atom's incomplete outer shell. Two electrons (one from each hydrogen atom) are needed to fully fill the outer shell of oxygen, which has six electrons but will be more stable with eight. This is the well-known formula $H_{2}O$. The electrons are exchanged between the two elements to fill the outer shells of both, increasing the stability of both.

Hydrogen shares two electrons with oxygen to fulfil its outer shell and thus forms a covalent bond. Since hydrogen is sharing an electron with Hydrogen, hence it is known as a covalent bond.

Hydrogen and Oxygen are formed by a polar covalent bond.

Note: Due to some degree of polarity in $-O-H$ bond, i.e. charge separation, $\delta +H-\delta -O-\delta +H,$in order to give molecular dipoles, its gives rise to intermolecular hydrogen bonding.