Question

Kary B Mullis got Nobel prize for discovering:
A) DNA polymerase enzyme
B) Polymerase chain reaction
C) Restriction endonuclease
D) Western blotting

Answer 1

Hint:Kary Banks Mullis was an American biochemist. He was notable for his inventions which turned into a central technique in biochemistry and molecular biology. Kary Mullis got the Nobel prize, in 1993 in Chemistry.

Complete answer:
Kary Mullis was awarded by the Nobel prize for the invention of PCR. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique broadly used to make millions to billions of duplicates of a particular DNA sample, allowing researchers to take a small sample of DNA and amplify it to an enormous amount for further studies.

Genetic testing including examination of old samples of DNA and distinguishing proof of infectious agents. Utilizing PCR, copies of a small amount of DNA sequences are exponentially amplified in a series of temperature changes.

Most PCR strategies depend on thermal cycling. Thermal cycling opens reactants to repeated cycles of heating and cooling to allow distinctive temperature-dependent reactions– explicitly, DNA melting and enzyme driven DNA replication.
PCR utilizes two primary reagents – Primers and a DNA polymerase: In the initial step of PCR, the two strands of the DNA double helix are actually separated at a high temperature in a cycle called nucleic acid denaturation. In the second step, the temperature is lowered and the primers bind down to the complementary sequences of DNA. The two DNA strands at that point become templates for DNA polymerase to enzymatically collect another DNA strand from free nucleotides, the binding blocks of DNA. As PCR advances, the DNA generated is itself utilized as a template for replication, getting underway a chain reaction in which the first DNA template is exponentially amplified.

Therefore, the correct answer is option B, i.e. Polymerase chain reaction.

Note:PCR is currently a typical and regularly basic procedure utilized in medical lab and clinical lab research for a wide variety of utilizations including biomedical research and criminal forensics.