Question

Junker’s calorimeter is used to determine the calorific value of which of the following?
A) Pulverised coal
B) Gaseous fuels
C) Fuel oil
D) None of these.

Answer 1

Hint:A calorimeter is an instrument used in calorimetry. Calorimetry is a process where the heat of a chemical reaction or the physical changes of a compound are measured. Junker’s calorimeter is a gas calorimeter that works on Junker’s principle.

Complete answer:In order to understand the Junkers calorimeter, let us understand the Junker’s principle. According to Junker’s principle, the rise in temperature of a known volume of water can be found out by burning a known volume of gas and imparting the heat with maximum efficiency to steadily flowing water. Then the calorific value of the gas is found by using the following formula.
Calorific value of gas $ \times $ Volume of gas $ = $ Volume of water $ \times $ Rise in temperature
Junker’s calorimeter which is also known as Junker gas calorimeter is used to determine the calorific value of the gas in this process. These calorimeters are used in petroleum industries, bio gas plants, educational institutes etc.
Junker’s calorimeter is used to determine the calorific value of fuel or fuel gases at low temperature.

Therefore, the correct answer is option (B).

Note: It is to be noted that the determination of the calorific value or the heat value of combustible gases is very essential. This helps us in assessing the amount of heat given away by a gas of known volume while it is burnt down to compare it to the heat of a known amount of liquid in a closed chamber.