Question

What is the IUPAC name of \[C{H_3}COCH{\left( {C{H_3}} \right)_2}\]?

Answer 1

Hint: Functional group: In hydrogen the atoms or groups which are other than carbon and hydrogen, are known as function groups. For example: chloride if chlorine is present in the compound. And if hydroxide group i.e. $OH$ is present then the name will be alcohol.

Complete step by step solution:
First of all we will talk about the alkanes, alkenes and alkynes.
Alkanes: The compounds which are formed by carbon and hydrogen and have only a single bond between the carbon-carbon atoms, are known as alkanes. For example: The first member of the alkane family is ethane $({H_3}C - C{H_3})$. The general formula of the alkane group is ${C_n}{H_{(2n + 2)}}$.
Alkenes: The compounds which are formed by carbon and hydrogen and have at least one double bond along with a single bond between the carbon-carbon atoms, are known as alkenes. For example: The first member of the alkene family is ethene $({H_2}C = C{H_2})$. The general formula of the alkene group is ${C_n}{H_{2n}}$.
Alkynes: The compounds which are formed by carbon and hydrogen and have at least one triple bond along with a single bond between the carbon-carbon atoms, are known as alkynes. For example: The first member of the alkyne family is ethyne $(HC \equiv CH)$. The general formula of the alkyne group is ${C_n}{H_{(2n - 2)}}$.

Number of carbon atom in alkane	Name of the parent chain
One	Methane
Two	Ethane
Three	Propane
Four	Butane
Five	Pentane
Six	Hexane
Seven	Heptane

Functional group: In hydrogen the atoms or groups which are other than carbon and hydrogen, are known as function groups. For example: chloride if chlorine is present in the compound. And if hydroxide group i.e. $OH$ is present then the name will be alcohol.
Here we are given the compound in which there are carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms. And also the oxygen atom is attached to the carbon by double bond. So the functional group will be ketone. And the suffix used is –one. Now if we count from left then ketone group will get $2$ number otherwise ketone group will get $3$ number carbon atom. So we will do numbering from the left side. At the third carbon one methyl group is present and the number of carbon in the longest chain is $4$. So the IUPAC name of the compound will be ${\text{3 - methyl - 2 - butanone}}$.

Note: The term iso- stands for isomer and is usually used when there is one methyl group located on the second carbon of a carbon chain. And the term neo pentane means that four Carbon atoms are attached to one atom.