Question

Is $ SiC{{l}_{4}} $ square planar or tetrahedral?

Answer 1

Hint : We must first learn about the Lewis electron dot structure to determine the shapes of molecules. Although the Lewis theory does not determine molecule shapes, it is the first step in predicting molecule shapes. The Lewis structure assists us in identifying bond pairs and lone pairs. The Lewis structure is then used to apply the valence-shell electron-pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory to determine the molecular geometry and the electron-group geometry.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
The position of a molecule's nuclei and electrons determines its shape. Electrons and nuclei gravitate toward positions that minimize repulsion and maximize attraction. As a result, the shape of the molecule reflects its equilibrium state, in which it has the lowest possible energy in the system. Although VSEPR theory predicts electron distribution, we must take other factors into consideration of the actual determinant of the molecular shape.
Silicon tetrachloride ( $ SiC{{l}_{4}} $ ) is an inorganic compound with the formula $ SiC{{l}_{4}} $ . It is a colorless volatile liquid that emits fumes into the atmosphere. It's used to make high-purity silicon and silica for commercial use. Silicon tetrachloride is made by chlorinating silicon compounds such as ferrosilicon, silicon carbide, or silicon dioxide, or carbon mixtures. The ferrosilicon route is most common
This molecule is of the $ AX4 $ type, with four $ Si-Cl $ bonds. These bonds, according to VSEPR theory, must point towards the corners of a regular tetrahedron. As a result, $ SiC{{l}_{4}} $ has a tetrahedral shape. The molecule is made up of a central Si atom with a coordination number of 4. Four chlorides ( $ Cl $ ) atoms can form a bond with $ Si $ . As a result, the molecule lacks a net dipole moment.
Thus, $ SiC{{l}_{4}} $ has a regular tetrahedral shape.

Note :
The VSEPR theory applies not only to molecules with a single central atom but also to molecules with multiple central atoms. The geometric distribution of the terminal atoms around each central atom is taken into account. We combine the separate descriptions of each atom for the final description. In other words, we break down long-chain molecules into smaller pieces. Each piece will form a distinct shape.