Question

Inversion Temperature is:
A.$\dfrac{{Rb}}{{2a}}$
B.$\dfrac{{2a}}{{Rb}}$
C.$\dfrac{{Rb}}{a}$
D.$\dfrac{a}{{Rb}}$

Answer 1

Hint:The process or result of changing or reversing the relative positions is known as inversion.
In thermodynamics and cryogenics, inversion temperature is the critical temperature below which a non-ideal gas that is expanding at constant enthalpy will experience a temperature decrease, and above which will experience a temperature increase.

Complete step by step answer:
-The temperature change is known as the Joule Thomson effect. It is utilized in liquefaction of gas. It depends upon the nature of gas.
-Inversion causes respiratory and heart problems. Temperature inversions that last for several days cause a buildup of pollution that increases as long as the inversion continues. High levels of pollution can have several adverse effects on a person’s health.
-The inversion curve in thermodynamics is a curve on a phase diagram that bounds the regions of those states of a substance for which the transition of the substance from higher pressure to lower is related with a temperature drop. Beyond this region, the substance that is a gas or liquid heats on throttling.
-The inversion temperature is characteristic of each gas and it is given by:
${T_i} = \dfrac{{2a}}{{Rb}}$,
Where, ${T_i}$ is inversion temperature, a and b are vanderwaal constants and R is gas constant.
-Gases become cooler during Joule Thomson’s expansion only if they are below a certain temperature and known as inversion temperature $\left( {{T_i}} \right)$.
Therefore, Option B is correct and hence inversion Temperature is $\dfrac{{2a}}{{Rb}}$.


Note:
The maximum inversion temperature for hydrogen is $200\;{\rm{K}}$ and for helium it is $24\;{\rm{K}}$. If hydrogen is throttled at room temperature then the temperature of the gas will be increased. To produce low temperature by throttling, the initial temperature of Hydrogen should be below $200\;{\rm{K}}$.