Question

In the terrestrial habitat, which of the following factors affect temperature and rainfall conditions?
A. Translocation
B. Transformation
C. Thermal-denaturation
D. Transpiration

Answer 1

Hint: Terrestrial plants are also known as land-dwelling plants means the plants that grow and thrive on land. These plants maintain their own micro weather with the help of stomata present on their leaves.

Complete answer:
Terrestrial plants are the land plants which can thrive in non-aquatic habitat which includes forests, agricultural fields, urban landscapes, rangelands and wildlands. These plants can maintain the immediate environment surrounding their leaves through transpiration. Transpiration is the process in which water is lost in the form of water vapors from the aerial parts of the plant. Transpiration is regulated by opening and closing of stomata. Stomata are the structure present on leaves. As the temperature rises, stoma opens up releasing water into the atmosphere, whereas decrease in temperature closes these stomatal openings.
This transpiration process occuring in terrestrial habitat increases concentration of water vapour in the atmosphere. These water vapours form an important part of green-house gases and hence increased concentration of water vapour helps in maintaining temperature conditions owing to greenhouse effect. This often leads to cloud formation.
Other options are incorrect as translocation in plants helps to transport food prepared by the leaves to other distant plants parts. On the other hand, transformation of plants is the insertion of foreign genes into the desired organism to produce transgenics and thermal-denaturation refers to disruption of protein structure and its function by heat.

So, the correct answer is option “D” that is increase in temperature increases transpiration whereas rainfall conditions decreases the rate of transpiration.

Note: Abscisic acid (ABA) is a hormone responsible for providing signals for stomatal closing. In low rainfall or drought conditions, abscisic acid formation is increased, hence closing the stomata and conserving loss of water.