Question

In the history of biology, the human genome project led to the development of
(a) Biotechnology
(b) Biomonitoring
(c) Bioinformatics
(d) Biosystematics

Answer 1

Hint: It is a field that includes biology along with computer science, statistics, engineering to study the basic sets of biological data in detail and to use this information for making vaccines for a particular genetic disorder.

Complete answer:
The human genome project is responsible for the development of bioinformatics, Bioinformatics is the interdisciplinary field that tells and develops the tools for the software and the methods by which the biological data can be analyzed and interpreted.
- Bioinformatics is the field of science where various mathematical and statistical tools and methods are used to analyze the queries related to the biological data.
- It is useful in analyzing the involvement of genes for particular diseases and also helps in identifying those genes if present in an individual.
- It can also read the genetic constitution of an individual by knowing their sequences of protein and nucleic acid.
- The human genome project was one of the megaprojects that were responsible for identifying the genes that constitute the human DNA.
- Its main aim was to identify and map all the human genes present in the DNA to know about their structure and function.
- It mapped the genome of an individual which consists of the various nucleotides and is unique in every individual.
- They identified the nucleotide sequence of all the chromosomes which was found to be a little bit similar in certain individuals.
So, the correct answer is ‘Bioinformatics’.

Note: In 1970, the term bioinformatics was coined by Paulien Hogeweg and Ben Hesper. This technique was found to be helpful in modeling the DNA, RNA, and even proteins. The Human Genome Project was launched in 1990, and it went on for 13 years till it came to an end on April 14, 2003. The project was funded by various organizations including the National Institutes of Health (NIH) of the US government.