Question

In the following table, the position of six elements A, B, C, D, E, and F are given as they are in the modern periodic table.

Group$ \to $ Period$ \downarrow $	$1$	$2$	$3 - 12$	$13$	$14$	$15$	$16$	$17$	$18$
$2$	$A$			$B$		$C$			$D$
$3$					$E$				$F$

Based on the above table, answer the following questions:
i. Name the element which forms an only covalent bond
ii. Name the element which is a metal with valency three.
iii. Name the element which is a non-metal with valency three.
iv. Out of B and C, whose atomic radius is bigger, and why?
v. Write the common name for the family to which the elements D and F belong.
                  

Answer 1

Hint: Periodic table consists of metal, non-metal, and metalloid. It is arranged based on the atomic number and chemical properties of the elements. Metal is on the left side, and non-mental is on the right side of the table.

Complete step by step answer:
Chemical Bond- When two-atoms bind by attraction, it is known as a bond. There are two types of bonds: Strong and weak.
Strong bond - covalent, ionic, and metallic
Weak bond- hydrogen, London dispersion, dipole-dipole interaction
Covalent-When an electron share between atom and form bond is called a covalent bond. Non-metal and metalloids generally show a covalent bond.
Ionic - When one element donates the electron to another to fill an octet, it is called an ionic bond. Metal and non-metal connect through this bond.
Here,
According to the given table, $E$ is the group $14$ and period $3$ element, which shows the covalent bond. Its name is silicon and valency is $4$.
As we know the group $13$ element has valency $3$, which is $B$. Its name is Aluminum, which is metal.
In the periodic table non-metal present on the right side. So, here $C$ has the valency $3$ that is present in the group $15$ and period $2$. Its name is Nitrogen, which is a gas.
Atomic radius is the distance between the nucleus to the outermost shell. It depends on the size of the atom. It decreases from left to right. Therefore, $B$ and $C$ are the elements of the same period, but the radius is different. Here, $B$ has a bigger radius than $C$.
In the periodic table, each group has a unique name. Likewise, group $18$ has a special name that is Noble gases. Therefore, $D$ and $F$ belongs to Noble gases.

Note:
Modern periodic table was discovered by Henry Moseley in $1913$. It consists of $18$ groups and $7$ periods. The vertical column is known as Group and the horizontal row known as Period. It is categorized into four blocks that are $s$ - block, $p$ - block, $d$ - block, and $f$ -block.