Question

In the ELISA test, the enzyme used is
A. Peroxidases
B. Polymerase
C. Ligases
D. Endonucleases

Answer 1

Hint: ELISA is a test that is used to diagnose a variety of diseases that increase the antibody count of the human body because it is based on the principle of antigen-antibody interaction.

Complete answer: ELISA or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay is a test which is used for the detection of a variety of diseases, this test works on the principle of antigen-antibody relationship.
Whenever the body experiences the presence of a foreign antigen, it produces antibodies, and these antibodies are detected in the ELISA test.
The enzyme used in this test is an oxidizing agent that means it reduces itself and oxidizes the others. Peroxidase enzyme is used which when reduced converts the non-fluorescent molecules into fluorescent molecules.
This test is used in the treatment of a variety of diseases like HIV etc. All the other enzymes except Peroxidases that are given in the question are used in the technique of genetic engineering.

Additional information: The steps of direct ELISA are as follows:
1. A buffered solution of the antigen to be which has to be tested for is added to each well (usually 96-well plates) of a microtiter plate, where it is given time to adhere to the plastic via charge interactions.
2. A solution containing non reacting protein, such as bovine serum albumin, is introduced to each well in order to cover any plastic surface in the well which remains uncoated by the antigen.
3. The primary antibody with an attached (conjugated) enzyme is used, which binds specifically to the test antigen covering the well.
4. A substrate for this enzyme is then mixed. Primarily, this substrate changes color upon reaction with the enzyme.
5. The higher the concentration of the primary antibody present in the serum, the powerful the color change. Generally, a spectrometer is used to give quantitative values for color strength.

Note: It should be noted that this test is based on the presence of antibodies in the body which increase in number when a particular forging antigen enters the human body.