Question

In Pisum Sativum there are 14 chromosomes. How many pairs with different chromosomes can be prepared?
A. \[{2^{14}}\]
B. ${2^7}$
C. 7
D. 14

Answer 1

Hint: Pisum Sativum is a common garden pea which has this scientific name in which Pisum refers to its genus and Sativum to its species. It is self-pollinated with ploidy as diploid. It was the first plant for which mitotic karyotype was identified. As it is diploid that means 2n=14. Mendel analysed and experimented widely on Pisum Sativum as it was available in wide variety with different colours, size and characteristics which helped him a lot to study its genetic modifications and chromosomes.

Complete answer:
Garden pea (Pisum sativum) is a diploid plant (2n) consisting of 14 chromosomes. The number of different pairs that can be obtained for an organism can be mathematically expressed in terms of ${2^n}$, where “n” represents the number of homologous chromosomes pairs. In this case, the number of homologous pairing evident is 7, so the “n” here comes out to be 7. Hence, the total number of different chromosome pairs that can be evident in a garden pea plant will be ${2^7}$. Mendel considered garden pea to be perfect as it has a variety of characters in terms of colour, size, gene dominance etcetera. Pisum Sativum has four folds larger than soybean genome and about ten folds larger than model legume Medicago truncatula. It is widely cultivated in northern regions as the temperature of that region is appropriate for them to grow, these can be used as fresh and even canned that’s why it is considered as a versatile vegetable which can be used in different forms.

Hence, the correct option is (B) ${2^7}$.

Note:
Karyotype is a collection of individual’s chromosomes, which is prepared from mitotic division and identified at the stage of metaphase and prometaphase when the chromosomes are at most condensed form. This process is done by culturing the small portion of cell derived from the specimen.