Question

In open collateral vascular bundle
A) Xylem and phloem are separated by cambium
B) Xylem and phloem lie side by side
C) Cambium occurs on the outside of bundle
D) Cambium does not occur in the bundle

Answer 1

Hint: Like the human body have capillaries and vessels for the transportation of important nutrients and minerals to every cell of the body, the plants also have specialised tissue that involve in the transportation process of the plants.

Complete Answer:
- Vascular tissue is the conductive tissue of plants in which multiple cells are arranged in such a way that it allows the transportation of minerals, water, and photosynthetic products throughout the plants.
- The xylem and phloem are the two vascular tissues found in the plants. Xylem is a specialized tissue that involves in the water transportation and movement of nutrients from root to the tip of the leaves of a plant. The xylem is formed from hollow dead cells.
- The phloem is the vascular tissue that is involved in the transportation of photosynthetic products throughout the plants. In the phloem tissue, the sieve cells connected through a thin membrane termed as sieve plate. This forms a channel through which sugar is transported throughout the plant.
- The structure of the vascular tissue is different for both monocot and dicot plants, in monocot plants, the xylem and the phloem scattered throughout the tissue and in dicot plants, the xylem and the phloem are arranged in a ring that is also termed as cambium ring.
- Now, the collateral vascular bundles are also observed in dicotyledons plants in which the cambium may or may not be present between the xylem and phloem patches that make the vascular bundle open or close respectively.
- If the cambium is present in between the xylem and the phloem then it is considered as an open collateral bundle and if the cambium is not present between xylem and phloem it is considered to be closed.

Thus, the correct answer is ‘A’. Xylem and phloem are separated by cambium.

Note: In some monocot plants like palm, a secondary growth technique is used that maintains a scattered arrangement of the vascular tissue. The collateral vascular bundle is observed in all dicot plants except the member of Cucurbitaceae.