Question

In genetic engineering the antibodies are used
A. To select healthy vectors
B. As sequence from where replication start
C. To keep the culture free of infection
D. As Selectable markers

Answer 1

Hint: Biotechnology is the use of microorganisms in the benefit of human beings in simple words . One of the important tools of biotechnology is recombinant DNA technology . The techniques of genetic engineering include recombinant DNA technology for gene cloning and gene transfer. It is used to use the desirable set of genes without introducing any undesirable genes in the organism.

Complete answer:
1. There are three basic steps in genetic engineering or biotechnology .
Identification of DNA with desirable characters that have to be introduced in the organism . 2. Introduction of the identified DNA into the host organism in which it divides . maintenance of the introduced DNA into the host and transfer of the DNA to its offspring by which multiplication takes place .
3. Some of the factors that are required to facilitate cloning in a vector are :
a. Origin of replication from which the replication of DNA takes place .
b. Selectable marker which is used for the selection of transformation vectors from non transformation vectors . Normally the genes which are used to code antibodies are used as selectable markers .
c. Cloning sites are where the DNA is linked in the vector DNA .

4. Vectors of cloning genes in plants and animals or Agrobacterium tumefaciens in plants and retrovirus in animals .

Hence the correct answer is OPTION(D)

Note: Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a bacteria that is used in genetic engineering of plants which was causing diseases in plants . Animal for show retrovirus which was used for genetic engineering was causing disease in them but now they are disarmed .