Question

In dicot like gram the germination is _______type.

Answer 1

Hint: Germination in which cotyledons are brought out of the soil by the excessive growth of the hypocotyl. The terminal region of the hypocotyl prevents the plumule and cotyledons from the friction of soil.

Complete answer: In gram, the cotyledons originate from the seed coat above the soil level. This type of germination can be termed as epigeal germination. Initially, the hypocotyl arises and heads from the soil. The germination and development of the plumule are delayed. The hypocotyl raises above the soil and forms a coil. The cotyledons are formed by breaking the seed into two. The cotyledons rise above the floor and produce two cotyledonary leaves. These cotyledonary leaves help in the process of photosynthesis. Then, shoot growth takes place afterward. Eventually, the seedling becomes independent of the seed storage components and grows into a mature plant that is capable of reproduction. In the case of hypogeal germination, cotyledons do not play any role in the process of germination. Epicotyl elongates and forms a curve that prevents plumule from friction. Endosperm derived energy is used for seed germination. In this type of germination, seeds or cotyledons remain inside the soil.

Note: In gram seeds after germination, the cotyledons come out of the soil and cover the plumule till it comes out of the soil. The cotyledons become functional until the green leaves appear. It is also known as above the ground germination. The cotyledons contain seed-storage products. Cotyledons provide energy for the growth of the hypocotyl.