Question

In amoeba,whenever soluble organic substances and salts are absorbed ,the mode of nutrition is called
a) Holozoic
b) Pinocytosis
c) Holophytic
d) Symbiosis

Answer 1

Hint: An amoeba's nutrition is accomplished by phagocytosis, a mechanism in which the whole organism engulfs the food it intends to consume.Amoebae do not have a specialised nutrition organ.

Complete answer:
Holozoic nutrition is the mode of nutrition in amoebae. It entails the absorption, digestion, and elimination of food. With the aid of pseudopodia, the entire process is carried out on the body surface.
Holozoic nutrition is a nutritional process that occurs in organisms that take solid or liquid food inside their body. Amoeba follows a holozoic diet.
Holozoic amoeba nutrition takes place in the following steps:
1. Ingestion
2. Digestion
3. Absorption
4. Assimilation
5. Egestion

Ingestion
Ingestion is the process of taking food into the body either by swallowing it or by absorbing it. Amoeba pushes out the pseudopodia to encircle the food and engulfs the food that forms the vacuole. This is known as phagocytosis.
Digestion:
Digestion is a process by which insoluble and large food molecules are broken into soluble and minute molecules. In amoeba, food vacuoles are transported deeper into the cell and, with the help of digestive enzymes, large insoluble particles are broken down into the simplest molecules.
Absorption:
In this process of absorption, the nutrients from the digested food material are absorbed into the cytoplasm of the cell by leaving behind the undigested particles. This process is called a diffusion process. Excessive food is stored in the form of glycogen and lipids.
Assimilation
Assimilation is the process of generating energy from the absorbed food molecules. In amoeba, absorbed food molecules are used to produce the energy needed to perform different life processes within a cell.
Egestion:
Egestion is a process for the excretion of undigested food material. In amoeba, this process is performed by rupturing the cell membrane to remove the undigested food material from its body.

The correct answer is option (A) Holozoic.

Note:
Amoebae has been known to cause a number of human diseases. Amebiasis (or amoebic dysentery) is an infection caused by Entamoeba histolytica, a human intestinal parasite. Amoebae also causes different infections of the brain. Naegleria fowleri, dubbed the brain-eating amoeba, causes primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM).