Question

In a parasympathetic nervous system, which of the following is released?
a. Epinephrine
b. Norepinephrine
c. Serotonin
d. Acetylcholine

Answer 1

Hint: The sympathetic systema nervosum (SNS) releases the hormones (catecholamines – epinephrine and norepinephrine) to accelerate the guts rate. The parasympathetic systema nervosum (PNS) releases the hormone acetylcholine to slow the guts rate.

Complete answer:
Acetylcholine is that neurotransmitter secreted by both pre- and postganglionic parasympathetic cholinergic neurons, while epinephrine/ norepinephrine is released by sympathetic postganglionic neurons (the adrenergic neurons). The sympathetic preganglionic neurons release acetylcholine. This makes acetylcholine a standard neurotransmitter of peripheral systema nervosum . Therefore, options A and B are incorrect. Serotonin is a vasoconstrictor amine neurotransmitter of the central nervous system,which makes option C an incorrect one.

So, The parasympathetic nervous system uses mainly acetylcholine (Ach) as its neurotransmitter, although peptides (such as cholecystokinin) are often used. The postganglionic neuron then releases Ach to stimulate the muscarinic receptors of the organ .

Body functions which are stimulated by the parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS) consist of arousal , salivation, lacrimation, urination, digestion, and defecation. The PSNS primarily uses acetylcholine as its neurotransmitter. Peptides (such as cholecystokinin) can also act on the PSNS as neurotransmitters. Acetylcholine is the chief neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic nervous system, the part of the autonomic nervous system (a branch of the peripheral nervous system) that contracts smooth muscles, dilates blood vessels, increases bodily secretions, and slows heart rate.ACh is synthesized in the cytoplasm of nerve terminals by the enzyme choline acetyltransferase, and then transported into synaptic vesicles.

Hence, the correct answer is option (D).

Note: Activating the Parasympathetic systema nervosum to decrease anxiety. When the parasympathetic systema nervosum is activated, it produces a relaxed and relaxed feeling within the mind and body. People can learn to trigger their parasympathetic systema nervosum to right away reduce their sense of hysteria.