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In a flowering plant, summarize the events that take place after fertilization.

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Last updated date: 29th Mar 2024
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MVSAT 2024
Answer
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Hint: Fertilization is the process of fusion of male and female gamete to develop into a diploid zygote. After the fertilization, a series of events occurs in the zygote to develop into a seed. 


Complete answer:

Post Fertilization

It is a series of events that takes place after fertilization for the formation of seed from an ovule and a fruit from an ovary.

The following events are of post fertilization:

> Endosperm Development

> Embryogeny

> Endosperm – It is present in seeds of flowering plants during fertilization. It provides nutrition to the developing embryo in the form of starch.

Three types of endosperm development;

Nuclear endosperm formation:  The primary nucleus of endosperm undergoes a nuclear division to produce free nuclei.

Cellular endosperm formation:  During nuclear division, the formation of endosperm occurs which leads to cellular endosperm formation.

Helobial endosperm formation:  Intermediate type of endosperm formation between cellular and nuclear type.

During the process of seed maturation or in the mature seed, the developing embryo may either utilize the endosperm completely or it is used by seed during seed germination.

> Embryogeny: It is a process of growth and development of an embryo from a zygote in the flowering plants.

> The stages are the same in both monocot and dicot plants.

Dicot plant embryo: an embryonal axis and two cotyledons are present.

Monocot plant embryo: only one cotyledon is present. 


Note: Fertilization is important for genetic variation. Development of endosperm and embryo are the most important events that happen after fertilization. After fertilization the ovary which surrounds the ovules develops into fruit and the ovules mature to form seeds.