Question

‘Improvement in water and sanitation can control many diseases’. Explain with the help of examples.

Answer 1

Hint: Waterborne illness is caused by disease-causing microbes or pathogens in recreational or drinking water. Many waterborne pathogens can also be acquired through eating or drinking contaminated food or beverages, coming into contact with animals or their environment, or spreading from person to person.

Complete answer:
Water and sanitation are fundamental requirements for maintaining our health. Water of low quality triggers a slew of health concerns. In the same way, inadequate sanitation contributes to epidemics by breeding harmful insects and worms. We've recently seen the spread of Dengue fever, which is caused by Aedes mosquitoes (a mosquito). Malaria is also transmitted by the anopheles mosquito. Improvements in water and sanitation can help to avoid these incidents.

Improvements in water and sanitation may help to control a variety of diseases, especially those that are spread by water. Cholera, malaria, jaundice, typhoid, diarrhea, dysentery, and other diseases can all be transmitted by polluted water. Such diseases can be avoided by ensuring that everyone has access to clean, healthy water.

Examples:
- Daily inspections of water coolers, roof tops, and other areas where water is stagnant should be carried out in every home. These inspections will help to prevent mosquito breeding and save a lot of lives.
- At regular intervals, the government should inspect the quality of the water supplied.
- Waste disposal and sewerage treatment should be monitored carefully.
- People should be informed about the risks of drinking and using dirty water. Diseases can be regulated in this manner.

Note: Adenovirus, astrovirus, hepatitis A and E viruses, rotavirus, norovirus, and other caliciviruses, and enteroviruses, including coxsackieviruses and polioviruses, are among the water-transmitted viral pathogens listed as having a moderate to high health significance by the World Health Organization (WHO). Waterborne diseases are infections caused by microscopic organisms such as viruses and bacteria that are ingested by infected water or contact with faeces.