Question

What is the importance of haploid plant production?

Answer 1

Hint: Haploids are organisms which have one set of chromosomes (n=1). When we use gametes of a single parent to produce a plant that techniques known as haploid plant production. The resultant plant body will have the same genetic sequence and will be the same as a gamete (pollen or egg cell). Haploids can be differentiated from diploids (n=2) by using gene markers that are closely linked with the gene under study so they can be visually detected or by their physical qualities.

Complete answer:
Importance of haploid plant production are-
They are used in plant breeding to obtain a pure homozygous line by using colchicine to double the chromosome number, or by depending on spontaneous mutations.
The major importance of haploid plant production is improvement of plant or crop production.
 Somaclonal variation leads to the creation of additional genetic variability.
Traits for which somaclonal mutants can be improved by using haploid plant production technique, during in vitro culture, include resistance to disease, herbicides, high salt concentration, mineral toxicity and tolerance to environmental or chemical stress, as well as for increased production of secondary metabolites.
It is beneficial in developing genetically homozygous plants which serve as parents in crossbreeding.
Homozygous plants can be raised by diploidization of haploids by colchicine treatment.

Note:
Some examples of plants in which haploid plant production is used for breeding purposes are:
Cereals: wheat, barley, rye, oats, sorghum, and corn,
Fibre: cotton,
Forages: alfalfa and fescue,
Others: canola, tobacco and sunflowers