Question

If medulla oblongata is destroyed then which function will be affected?
A. No response when pricked with needles
B. No vision
C. No memory
D. No thermoregulation

Answer 1

Hint:
The medulla oblongata is a long stem-like structure that creates the lower portion of the brainstem. It is anterior and partially low to the cerebellum. This cone-shaped neuronal mass is responsible for autonomic functions, varying from emesis to sneezing. The medulla contains the respiratory, cardiac, vasomotor, and vomiting centres.

Complete step by step answer:
Neurons of the reticular formation play a major role in the transmission of sensory and motor impulses. Those in the medulla perform complex integrative functions; for instance, different functional centres function in the control of autonomic nervous activity, heart rate, regulating respiration, and digestive processes. Other actions of neurons in the medulla possess control of movement, control of arousal, sleep, and relay of somatic sensory information from internal organs.
Diseases or injuries affecting the middle part of the medulla may result in medial medullary syndrome, which is indicated by partial paralysis, loss of the senses of touch and position. Injuries of the lateral medulla may cause lateral medullary syndrome, which is associated with a loss of temperature sensations and pain, difficulty in swallowing, loss of the gag reflex, vertigo, loss of coordination, and vomiting.
Cortical blindness is the main cause of blindness because of the damage to the occipital cortex. Memory loss can result from injury to the structures of the brain that form the limbic system, which regulates memories and emotions. Thermoregulation is carried out by the hypothalamus.

Option ‘A’ is correct

Note:
Different types of concerns can occur if the medulla becomes injured because of brain degeneration, a stroke, or a sudden head injury. The symptoms that appear depend on the particular damaged part of the medulla.