Question

If a person has protruding eyes, tachycardia, and higher body temperature, he is suffering from:
A) Cretinism
B) Hyperthyroidism
C) Myxoedema
D) Acromegaly

Answer 1

Hint Hyperthyroidism is also known as overactive thyroid. This condition fastens the metabolism. It is of two types: 1)Primary thyrotoxicosis( diffuse toxic goiters) 2) secondary thyrotoxicosis (toxic nodular goiter, toxic nodule, this is due to rare cause). This disease is due to negative feedback inhibition by thyroid hormone, so thyroid secretion and growth is unchecked.
Complete Step-by-step answer: Hyperthyroidism is the over secretion of thyroid hormone. Excessive iodine consumption causes hyperthyroidism. Thyroid gland is a small butterfly-shaped gland present in front of the neck. The hormones secreted by this gland help in metabolism of fats, proteins, glucose etc. so as to maintain the basal metabolic rate of the body. Thus malfunctioning of this gland affects all the organs of the body.
Too much thyroid hormone increases the speed of various functions in our body.Common symptoms include- increased heart rate(tachycardia), excess sweating, excessive hunger, fatigue or heat tolerance, and abnormal protrusion of the eyes, etc.
Cretinism is a condition of severely stunted physical and mental growth due to untreated congenital deficiency of thyroid hormone. It is called congenital hypothyroidism. It is usually caused by iodine deficiency during pregnancy. Myxoedema occurs in adults due to hypothyroidism,it causes the facial tissues to swell up and look puffy.
Hypersecretion of growth hormone in an adult causes acromegaly, in which the person’s appearance gradually changes as a result of the thickening of bones and growth of soft tissues, particularly in the face, hands, and feet.
Hence the correct answer is option B.
Note: A prominent feature of Grave’s disease but not of other types of hyperthyroidism is exophthalmos i.e., bulging eyes. Hyperthyroidism symptoms also involve weight loss, hair loss, diarrhea, muscle weakness, tremor,or warm skin.