Answer
414.6k+ views
Hint: Nucleophiles, just as its name suggests, are nucleus (proton) loving, as itself it is electron-rich. Whereas, the electrophiles are electron-deficient and are electron-loving in nature.
Complete step by step answer:
Nucleophiles are species which have either negative charge or have non-bonded lone pairs of electrons in them. So, being electron-rich, it has a tendency to share its electrons easily with other electron-deficient species forming a new covalent bond.
So, the nucleophilic species, with extra electrons having negative charge are called anions, whereas the neutral compounds have non-bonded lone pairs of electrons in them.
So, in the given reaction:
$C{{H}_{3}}COOH+\underline{O{{H}^{-}}}\to C{{H}_{3}}CO{{O}^{-}}+{{H}_{2}}O$
The hydroxide ion, $O{{H}^{-}}$having a negative charge abstracts the proton from the weak acetic acid, and shares its electron with the proton forming a covalent bond in the water molecule formed.
Here, $O{{H}^{-}}$is a stronger nucleophile than the $C{{H}_{3}}CO{{O}^{-}}$. This is because nucleophile are often referred as bases (as they abstract protons), and $O{{H}^{-}}$ being the conjugate base of the weak acid (water) whereas, $C{{H}_{3}}CO{{O}^{-}}$ is the conjugate base of slightly more acidic (acetic acid) than water.
Therefore, the underlined reagent, $O{{H}^{-}}$is a nucleophile.
Note: The nucleophiles, in general, donate electrons to other species forming a shared bond-pair. Thus, are Lewis bases. Only, in the case of donating electrons to hydrogen, it can also be referred to as Bronsted base. The ease through which the nucleophile donates its electrons is known as its nucleophilicity, which depends on various factors such as charge, basicity, solvent, polarizability, and the nature of the substituents on it.
Complete step by step answer:
Nucleophiles are species which have either negative charge or have non-bonded lone pairs of electrons in them. So, being electron-rich, it has a tendency to share its electrons easily with other electron-deficient species forming a new covalent bond.
So, the nucleophilic species, with extra electrons having negative charge are called anions, whereas the neutral compounds have non-bonded lone pairs of electrons in them.
So, in the given reaction:
$C{{H}_{3}}COOH+\underline{O{{H}^{-}}}\to C{{H}_{3}}CO{{O}^{-}}+{{H}_{2}}O$
The hydroxide ion, $O{{H}^{-}}$having a negative charge abstracts the proton from the weak acetic acid, and shares its electron with the proton forming a covalent bond in the water molecule formed.
Here, $O{{H}^{-}}$is a stronger nucleophile than the $C{{H}_{3}}CO{{O}^{-}}$. This is because nucleophile are often referred as bases (as they abstract protons), and $O{{H}^{-}}$ being the conjugate base of the weak acid (water) whereas, $C{{H}_{3}}CO{{O}^{-}}$ is the conjugate base of slightly more acidic (acetic acid) than water.
Therefore, the underlined reagent, $O{{H}^{-}}$is a nucleophile.
Note: The nucleophiles, in general, donate electrons to other species forming a shared bond-pair. Thus, are Lewis bases. Only, in the case of donating electrons to hydrogen, it can also be referred to as Bronsted base. The ease through which the nucleophile donates its electrons is known as its nucleophilicity, which depends on various factors such as charge, basicity, solvent, polarizability, and the nature of the substituents on it.
Recently Updated Pages
How many sigma and pi bonds are present in HCequiv class 11 chemistry CBSE
![arrow-right](/cdn/images/seo-templates/arrow-right.png)
Why Are Noble Gases NonReactive class 11 chemistry CBSE
![arrow-right](/cdn/images/seo-templates/arrow-right.png)
Let X and Y be the sets of all positive divisors of class 11 maths CBSE
![arrow-right](/cdn/images/seo-templates/arrow-right.png)
Let x and y be 2 real numbers which satisfy the equations class 11 maths CBSE
![arrow-right](/cdn/images/seo-templates/arrow-right.png)
Let x 4log 2sqrt 9k 1 + 7 and y dfrac132log 2sqrt5 class 11 maths CBSE
![arrow-right](/cdn/images/seo-templates/arrow-right.png)
Let x22ax+b20 and x22bx+a20 be two equations Then the class 11 maths CBSE
![arrow-right](/cdn/images/seo-templates/arrow-right.png)
Trending doubts
Fill the blanks with the suitable prepositions 1 The class 9 english CBSE
![arrow-right](/cdn/images/seo-templates/arrow-right.png)
At which age domestication of animals started A Neolithic class 11 social science CBSE
![arrow-right](/cdn/images/seo-templates/arrow-right.png)
Which are the Top 10 Largest Countries of the World?
![arrow-right](/cdn/images/seo-templates/arrow-right.png)
Give 10 examples for herbs , shrubs , climbers , creepers
![arrow-right](/cdn/images/seo-templates/arrow-right.png)
Difference between Prokaryotic cell and Eukaryotic class 11 biology CBSE
![arrow-right](/cdn/images/seo-templates/arrow-right.png)
Difference Between Plant Cell and Animal Cell
![arrow-right](/cdn/images/seo-templates/arrow-right.png)
Write a letter to the principal requesting him to grant class 10 english CBSE
![arrow-right](/cdn/images/seo-templates/arrow-right.png)
Change the following sentences into negative and interrogative class 10 english CBSE
![arrow-right](/cdn/images/seo-templates/arrow-right.png)
Fill in the blanks A 1 lakh ten thousand B 1 million class 9 maths CBSE
![arrow-right](/cdn/images/seo-templates/arrow-right.png)