Question

Identify the process to which the following reaction belongs:
 $ {\text{A}}{{\text{l}}_2}{{\text{O}}_3} \cdot 2{{\text{H}}_2}{\text{O}} + {\text{N}}{{\text{a}}_2}{\text{C}}{{\text{O}}_3} \to 2{\text{NaAl}}{{\text{O}}_2} + 2{{\text{H}}_2}{\text{O}} + {\text{C}}{{\text{O}}_2} $
 $ 2{\text{NaAl}}{{\text{O}}_2} + 2{{\text{H}}_2}{\text{O}} + {\text{C}}{{\text{O}}_2}\xrightarrow{{{{50}^ \circ }C - {{60}^ \circ }C}}{\text{A}}{{\text{l}}_{\text{2}}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}} + {\text{N}}{{\text{a}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{C}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}} $
(A) Hall's process
(B) Baeyer's process
(C) Serpeck's process
(D) None of these

Answer 1

Hint: Aluminium is a highly reactive metal belonging to the Periodic Table group IIIA. In nature, aluminium is found in its ores as its oxide. Bauxite- $ A{l_2}{O_3} \cdot 2{H_2}O $ , Corundum- $ A{l_2}{O_3} $ , Cryolite- $ N{a_3}Al{F_6} $ are the significant aluminium ores. It occurs through electrolysis.

Complete Step By Step Solution
In aluminium extraction, the Hall-Heroult process is widely used. Pure bauxite- $ A{l_2}{O_3} \cdot 2{H_2}O $ ore is mixed with $ Ca{F_2} $ or $ N{a_3}Al{F_6} $ in the Hall-Heroults method. This results in a reduction in the melting point of the mixture and improves the capacity of the mixture to conduct electricity. A steel vessel is used with carbon and graphite lining rods.
The carbon lining serves as a cathode, and the anode operates as graphite. Oxygen is formed in the anode when electricity is passed through the electrolytic cell that consists of carbon electrodes. This oxygen produced reacts to form carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide with the carbon of the anode. Approximately $ 0.5 $ Kg of carbon anode is burned for every $ 1 $ kg of Al produced in this aluminium production method.
Aluminium ions are generated from the aluminium oxide at the adverse cathode and then sink down because they are heavier than the cryolite solution. Then there was the liquid shape of the aluminium that sank to the bottom. On the other side, the oxygen from the aluminium oxide forms at the positive anode and responds with the graphite carbon to the carbon dioxide $ C{O_2} $ .
Hence, the correct option is (A.)

Note
Ferric oxide and silica are present in the bauxite ore as impurities. It is first concentrated by the magnetic separation process through the gravity separation of ferric oxide impurities. Then the ore is concentrated through chemical processes.