Question

Human genome contains about
A. 10,000 nucleotides
B. 10,000 genes
C. 6 billion nucleotides
D. 6 billion genes

Answer 1

Hint: A genome can be explained as the composition of all contained genetic material of an organism. It is composed of DNA. The genome contains both the genes and the noncoding DNA. The genome is present in almost all living things on earth.

Complete answer:
The genome can be defined as the composition of all genetic material of an organism. The genome shows the complete information of hereditary of an organism that is encoded in its DNA. The genome is constructed of both the genes and the non-coding sequences of the DNA.
The term genome was applied for the first time by Hans Winkler who was a professor of Botany at the University of Hamburg in Germany.
In all living things, distinct and different unique genomes are found. Humans, animals, birds, all bear different types of genomes, and in the case of two humans, the genome can never be the same. In living organisms, the genome is made up of a chemical substance which is known as DNA. In the genome, chromosomes are present and these chromosomes contain genes. These genes are composed of DNA.
Each DNA molecule consists of two twisting, paired strands, and each strand is made up of four chemical units which are known as nucleotide bases. The four bases are adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C).
In each chromosome, there are hundreds to thousands of genes, which transfer the instructions for making proteins. In the human genome, there are 23 chromosome pairs present, with a total of 3 billion nucleotide pairs. As the nucleotides are present in pairs, the sequence of one pair is identical to the other pair. But to achieve the accuracy of any DNA sequence, the total human genome which is about 6 billion nucleotides must be sequenced.
Thus, the right option is C.

Note: The genome bears the genes which are responsible for affecting the characteristics of the living organism. In humans, there are 23 pairs of chromosomes and the pairs contain about 3 billion nucleotide pairs. So, for 46 chromosomes or in total, the human genome contains about 6 billion nucleotide pairs.