Question

Hugo De Vries worked on the plant?
A. Garden pea/ Pisum sativum
B. Sweet pea/ Lathyrus odoratus
C. Primula Sinesis
D. Evening Primrose/ Oenothera lamarckiana

Answer 1

Hint: Hugo De Vries believed that species evolve from other species through sudden and large changes of character traits. He based this "theory of mutation" on his work of Oenothera Lamarckian - the evening primrose. Hugo de Vries had also discovered several morphological forms/aberrant/variations in primrose/ Oenothera Lamarckian.

Complete answer:
> Option (A)- Garden pea/ Pisum sativum
The Garden pea is the small spherical seed or the seed-pod of the pod fruit Pisum sativum. Each pod includes several peas, which can be of green or yellow color. Botanically, pea pods are kept under the category of fruits, as they contain seeds and develop from the ovary of a flower.

> Option (B) - Sweet pea/ Lathyrus odoratus
The sweet pea is a flowering plant belonging to the genus Lathyrus and family Fabaceae. It is native to Sicily, southern Italy, and the Aegean Islands. It is an annual climbing plant and can grow to a height of 1–2 meters, where suitable support is available.

> Option (C) - Primula Sinesis
Primula sinensis, or the Chinese primrose, is a plant species belonging to the genus Primula. Primulin is an anthocyanin.

> Option (D) - Evening Primrose/ oenothera lamarckiana
Oenothera Lamarckian (evening primrose or evening-primrose) is a plant species belonging to the family Onagraceae. They are indigenous to North American Plains (all regions of North America). The species were used for the study of genetics, the debate about the cause of evolution, whether that was natural selection or one of the alternatives such as mutationism, and particularly to the discovery of polyploidy.

Hence, The correct answer is option (D).

Note: In his own time, De Vries was a famous botanist and best known for his mutation theory. In 1886, he discovered new forms among a display of the evening primrose growing wild in an abandoned potato field near Hilversum, having escaped a nearby garden and named them Oenothera Lamarckian.