Question

How do you solve the equation ${{x}^{2}}-3x-7=0$

Answer 1

Hint: To solve this equation we will try to create a complete square in the given equation. To do so we will first make the coefficient of ${{x}^{2}}$ as 1 if it is not 1. Then we will add and subtract the term ${{\left( \dfrac{b}{2a} \right)}^{2}}$ on both sides and hence use the formula ${{\left( a+b \right)}^{2}}={{a}^{2}}+2ab+{{b}^{2}}$ to simplify the equation then we will take square root of the obtained equation and solve the linear equation to find x.

Complete step-by-step solution:
Now the given equation is a quadratic equation of the form $a{{x}^{2}}+bx+c=0$
Comparing the equation with the general equation we get a = 1, b = - 3 and c = - 7.
To solve this equation we will use the method of completing squares.
Now to use this method we need the coefficient of ${{x}^{2}}$ to be 1.
Since in the given equation we already have the coefficient as 1 we will proceed with the method.
Now first we will add and subtract the equation with the term ${{\left( \dfrac{b}{2a} \right)}^{2}}$
Hence adding and subtracting ${{\left( \dfrac{-3}{2} \right)}^{2}}=\dfrac{9}{4}$ to the equation we get,
$\Rightarrow {{x}^{2}}-3x+\left( \dfrac{9}{4} \right)-\left( \dfrac{9}{4} \right)-7=0$
Now we know that ${{\left( a+b \right)}^{2}}={{a}^{2}}+2ab+{{b}^{2}}$ Hence using this we get the equation as,
$\begin{align}
  & \Rightarrow {{\left( x-\dfrac{3}{2} \right)}^{2}}=\dfrac{9}{4}+7 \\
 & \Rightarrow {{\left( x-\dfrac{3}{2} \right)}^{2}}=\dfrac{9+7\times 4}{4} \\
 & \Rightarrow {{\left( x-\dfrac{3}{2} \right)}^{2}}=\dfrac{37}{4} \\
\end{align}$
Now taking square root on both the sides we get,
\[\begin{align}
  & \Rightarrow \left( x-\dfrac{3}{2} \right)=\left( \pm \sqrt{\dfrac{37}{4}} \right) \\
 & \Rightarrow \left( x-\dfrac{3}{2} \right)=\pm \dfrac{\sqrt{37}}{2} \\
\end{align}\]
\[\begin{align}
  & \Rightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{2}\pm \dfrac{\sqrt{37}}{2} \\
 & \Rightarrow x=\dfrac{3\pm \sqrt{37}}{2} \\
\end{align}\]
Hence the solution of the given equation is $x=\dfrac{3\pm \sqrt{37}}{2}$.

Note: Now note that the while solving the equation by complete square method the coefficient of ${{x}^{2}}$ must be 1. If it is not equal to one then we divide the whole equation by a to get the coefficient as 1. Now to solve the equation we can also use the formula to find roots of quadratic equation. The roots of the equation of the form $a{{x}^{2}}+bx+c=0$ is given by $\dfrac{-b\pm \sqrt{{{b}^{2}}-4ac}}{2a}$ .