Question

Gustatory receptors are specialised in detecting
A. Taste
B. Light
C. Smell
D. Touch

Answer 1

Hint: Receptors are biological transducers that turn energy from the outside into electrical impulses. They can be clumped together to create a sense organ, like the eye or ear, or scattered, like the skin and viscera.
Receptors are connected to the central nervous system through afferent nerve fibres. A neuron in the central nervous system gets input from the receptive field, which is a region or area in the periphery.

Complete answer:
Option A: Taste receptors are also known as gustatory receptors. Salty, sour, sweet, bitter, and umami are the five basic sensations recognised by taste receptors. Ion channels in the tongue are used to sense salty and sour tastes. G protein-coupled taste receptors are used to detect sweet, bitter, and umami tastes.
So, option A is correct.
Option B: The retina is the back region of the eye that houses the light-sensitive cells. Photoreceptors are the name for these specialised cells. The retina has two types of photoreceptors: rods and cones.
So, option B is not correct.
Option C: Olfactory receptor, also known as smell receptor, is a protein that binds scent molecules and is important in the sense of smell (olfaction). The mucus in the nasal cavity covers the cilia, making it easier for olfactory receptors to detect and respond to scent molecules.
So, option C is not correct.
Option D: Touch receptors are a type of sensory neuron found in the skin that has specific ends that react to mechanical stimuli. Touch receptors, as part of the somatosensory system, send information about tactile stimuli to the central nervous system.
So, option D is not correct.

So, option A is the correct answer.

Note:
Sensory neurons of the face, glossopharyngeal, and vagus cranial nerves can be activated by neurotransmitters produced by gustatory cells.
Within papillae, the number of taste buds varies, with each bud comprising many specialised taste cells for taste stimuli transduction. Taste is mostly connected with the tongue, while taste receptors can also be found on the palate and epiglottis.
The tongue's surface, as well as the remainder of the oral cavity, is lined with a stratified squamous epithelium.