Question

Growth at the end of childhood and during puberty is controlled by
(a) Thyroxine
(b) Thymosin
(c) Somatotrophic hormone
(d) Thyroxine and somatotrophic hormone

Answer 1

Hint: It is controlled by various hormones. One of the hormones is responsible for the functioning of the metabolic processes that occur in the body while the other hormone is responsible for growth and development.

Complete answer:
Growth at the end of the childhood and during puberty is controlled by the thyroxine hormone and somatotropic hormone. The thyroxine hormone is released by the thyroid gland and is one of the thyroid hormones while the somatotropic hormone is known as the human growth hormone.
- The thyroid hormones are released by the pituitary glands that are present at the base of the brain.
 - The thyroid hormones are of two types: thyroxine hormone and triiodothyronine hormone.
- They are the constituents of iodine and mainly help in performing the metabolic functions of the body.
- The deficiency of iodine in the body called hyperthyroidism may result in the swelling of the neck region called a goiter.
- These hormones help in the elongation of the bone, synthesis of nutrients, cell differentiation, and development of the body.
- Somatotropic hormones are the protein hormones that help in the regulation of growth, cell division, and reproduction in humans and animals.
- They are released from the anterior pituitary glands where somatotropic cells are present.

Growth Hormone

So, the correct answer is ‘Thyroxine and somatotrophic hormone’.


Note: In 1925 the thyroxine hormone was first isolated by Edward Calvin Kendall. Choh Hao Li was the first to purify and then synthesize the growth hormone for the first time. The growth hormones were first used in 1981 where the recombinant of the human growth hormone was introduced by Genentech.