Question

Green revolution in India has so far been most successful in case of?
a. Wheat
b. Sugarcane
c. Maize
d. Coarse gains

Answer 1

Hint: The Green Revolution in India refers to a period when agriculture improved in India due to the adoption of novel methods and technology. Indian agricultural scientist MS Swaminathan, along with many others, took the lead role, using him as the popular title of India's Green Revolution. The Green Revolution allowed developing countries like India to overcome poor agricultural productivity. Within India, it began in the early 1960s and increased food production, especially during the early stages in Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh. The introduction of high yielding varieties (HYV) of seeds and increase in the quality of fertilizers and irrigation techniques led to an increase in production to make food grains self-sufficient in the country, leading to improved agriculture in India.

Complete solution:
The Green Revolution, a huge increase in the production of food grains (especially wheat and rice), resulted in the introduction of new, high-yielding varieties in developing countries in the mid-20th century. Its initial dramatic successes were in Mexico and the Indian subcontinent. The new varieties require large amounts of chemical fertilizers and pesticides for their high yields, raising concerns about costs and potentially harmful environmental effects. Poor farmers, who are unable to afford fertilizers and pesticides, often have lower yields with these grains than older grains, which were better adapted to local conditions and had some resistance to pests and diseases.

India Rice 8 changed so much of life in India by preventing famine that some parents named their sons after rice grains. The inventions of the Green Revolution made America from an importer of wheat to an exporter. The practices of the Green Revolution did not benefit countries lacking the infrastructure to employ new agricultural practices and also reduced crop diversity, leading to crop pests and diseases.

Hence, the correct answer is option a.

Note:
 Although high-yielding monohybrid crops were introduced as part of the Green Revolution, the major problem with indigenous seeds was not that they were not high-yielding, but rather their inherent inability to withstand chemical fertilizers. In contrast, new varieties were produced to produce higher yields with the use of chemical fertilizers and very intensive irrigation. The number of chemical fertilizers used in the subsequent advent of the Green Revolution was significantly higher, and the increase in consumption of chemical fertilizers for crop cultivation which illustrates the increase in the use of fertilizers. Overuse of chemical fertilizers to achieve high yield causes soil physical and chemical degradation by altering natural microflora and increasing soil alkalinity and salinity. Excessive use of groundwater for irrigation led to the collapse of the water table in many parts of the country.