Question

Given, \[AgCl\] precipitate dissolves in \[N{H_3}\] due to the formation of
(A) \[[Ag{(N{H_3})_2}]OH\]
(B) \[[Ag(N{H_3})]Cl\]
(C) \[[Ag{(N{H_3})_2}]Cl\]
(D) \[[Ag(N{H_3})]OH\]

Answer 1

Hint: In order to find the complex which is formed when the silver chloride is dissolved in ammonia, we must know certain characteristics of silver chloride. Silver chloride is a white crystalline solid which is least soluble in water.

Complete answer:
\[AgCl\] is the chemical formula of Silver chloride. Silver chloride is a white crystalline solid which is least soluble in water. The reason for this is the force which holds the solid silver chloride lattice is much stronger when compared to the forces that are favouring the formation of Hydrate ions.
An equilibrium will exist when silver chloride is added to the water molecule.
\[AgCl(s) \rightleftharpoons A{g^ + }(aq) + C{l^ - }(aq)\]
When the silver chloride is dissolved in ammonia, it will form a complex which is soluble and colourless. This complex is known as the diammine silver(I)chloride complex with a chemical formula of \[[Ag{(N{H_3})_2}]Cl\]. The reaction for the complex formation is given below:
\[AgCl(aq) + N{H_3}(aq) \rightleftharpoons [Ag{(N{H_3})_2}]Cl(aq)\]
The complex formed is known as the ammoniacal silver, which is the tollen’s reagent. Tollen’s reagent is usually used to distinguish between the aldehyde and the ketone.

The correct answer is option (C).

Note:
Let us see some of the uses of the silver chloride
- \[AgCl\] is used in electrochemistry as a reference electrode.
- \[AgCl\] will act as an antidote for the poisoning of mercury. It will help to remove the mercury.
- \[AgCl\] is used in the photographic film.
- \[AgCl\] has many antimicrobial properties.
- \[AgCl\] is used in the medical fields.