Question

Give three differences between natural selection and artificial selection.

Answer 1

Hint: The variations in the genotype of an organism that improve the organism's probability of survival and procreation are retained and carried on to the next generation, according to the process of natural selection.

Complete Answer:
- Evolution is how animals undergo heritable changes in their characteristics over time (transmitted from one generation to another). Many generations over thousands to millions of years are also needed in order for evolutionary shifts to happen.
- Natural selection is a mechanism of an organism’s adaptation to the evolving environment by the implementation of specific alterations to its genotype or genetic makeup.
- Artificial selections, commonly referred to as selective breeding, are the system through which humans recognise desirable characteristics through animals and plants and use these characteristics to acquire favourable phenotypic characteristics by breeding.

Sl.No	Natural selection	Artificial selection
1.	The best or most desirable adaptation is chosen by Nature.	The characteristic that an organism requires is decided by humans.
2.	In nature, it creates tremendous variation.	This led to the production of only a few commercially valuable plants and animals.
3.	The creation of a new species takes hundreds of years.	It contributes to the creation within a few years of new animals.

Note: Artificial selection is caused in animals by inbreeding, or out crossing. After selective breeding, the hybrids produced appear to have a greater vigor, called hybrid vigor. Often, however, such breeding can also result in consistency deterioration.