Question

Give the expanded form of ACTH and ICSH.

Answer 1

Hint: ACTH and ICSH are hormones produced in the body. Hormones are chemicals released in the body. These chemicals are secreted by special glands known as the endocrine glands. These endocrine glands are distributed throughout the body. They are also quite important in maintaining homeostasis in the body.

Complete answer:
ACTH: Adrenocorticotropic hormone
ICSH: Interstitial cell-stimulating hormone.

> ACTH
- ACTH is a polypeptide tropic hormone. It is produced and secreted by the anterior or front pituitary gland. The function of ACTH is to regulate levels of steroid hormone and cortisol levels which is released from the adrenal gland.
- The secreted adrenocorticotropic hormone travels to the adrenal glands through the bloodstream. Cortisol from the adrenal glands supplies back to the hypothalamus to shut down the cycle.
- It is the most vital hormone required for the functioning of adrenal glands, which stimulates the production of stress hormones from the cortex, called cortisol.
The secretion of ACTH is controlled by three regions of the body:
- Hypothalamus.
- Pituitary gland.
- Adrenal glands.

> ICSH
- Also known as Luteinizing hormone. It is a heterodimeric glycoprotein. Each monomer has one alpha and one beta subunit to make the full, functional protein. In the anterior pituitary gland, this hormone is produced by gonadotropic cells.
- LH works upon endocrine cells in the gonads in males and females to produce androgens.
- In females, a rise of LH triggers ovulation and leads to the development of corpus luteum.
- In males, Luteinizing hormone is also known as interstitial cell-stimulating hormone (ICSH), it stimulates Leydig cell production of testosterone.

Additional information:
- Functions of ACTH Hormone include - Bone resorption, Catabolism of proteins, Primarily dehydroepiandrosterone, For stimulation of spermatogenesis in men.
- Various disorders related to the ACTH hormone are pituitary tumor, Cushing’s disease, etc.
- Functions of the ICSH Hormone include-stimulates the interstitial cells of the testes to produce testosterone; which is chemically identical to the luteinizing hormone of the female.

Note: Hormones act as a regulator rather than a messenger. The changes in the level of hormone production lead to certain changes in the body. Other names of ACTH are arginine vasopressin, adrenocorticotrophin, serum adrenocorticotropic hormone, or corticotropin. ICSH acts synergistically with follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).