Question

Give reason: Ionic radius of is more than atomic radius of\[F\].

Answer 1

Hint: Atomic radius and ionic radius are used to describe atomic size. It represents the mean distance from the nucleus to the surrounding electrons. The ionic radius is the distance from the nucleus to the outermost electrons in an ion. But the atomic radius is the distance from the centre of nucleus to the outermost shell of an atom.

Complete step by step answer:
In metals, the atomic radius is larger than the ionic radius. Because they lose electrons for the formation of octets. This will create a larger positive charge in the nucleus causing the electron cloud to come closer to the nucleus.
In non-metals, the atomic radius is smaller than the ionic radius. Because they lose electrons for the formation of octets. This will create a larger negative charge than the positive charge in the nucleus causing the electron cloud to come out.
Fluorine has the atomic number \[9\] which contain \[9\] protons and \[9\] electrons. But has \[10\] electrons and \[9\] protons. \[9\] Protons present in nucleus cannot influence with \[10\] electrons towards itself, effective nuclear charge decreases therefore valence electrons are less tightly held by the nucleus and thus the size increases.
As the number of electrons is increased, the nuclear force of attraction is decreased. Thus, the radius of fluoride ions is larger than that of fluorine atoms.
\[F\] and are smaller and they have less shells. Between \[F\] and ,has one more electron, which causes the radius to be bigger.

Additional information:
Effective nuclear charge is the positive charge of nuclear protons which act on valence electrons. It is less than the total number of protons present in the nucleus due to shielding effect. The decrease in the attractive force exerted by the nucleus due to the presence of electrons lying between the nucleus and valence shell electrons is called shielding effect.

Note: Atomic radius is determined in bonded state. ionic radius. Covalent radius, metallic radius, van der Waals radius and ionic radius are the different types of atomic radius. Cation and anion are the terms used to describe positive and negative ions in ionic radii.