Question

Give any two examples to indicate that the british followed the policy of economic exploitation in india.

Answer 1

Hint: 1)Economic exploitation means to reap the benefits through production,distribution,consumption of goods and services.
2)The colonial plunder of britishers brought many significant changes to indian economy.
3)Many leaders like M.N.Roy, Dada bhai naraouji also explained this in their drain of wealth theories.

Complete answer:
1)The Economic policies of britishers can be characterized into three phases -mercantilism, industrial capitalism, financial capitalism.
2)The only aim of british company was to have control over all India and drain its wealth to britain.
3)After the Battle of Plassey this situation further strengthened as it gave the britishers an access to bengal and its resources.
4)The officials of the East India company also extorted from indian merchants and zamindars and sent the money to england.

Two examples to indicate that british followed policy of economic exploitation are--
1)Trade policies--
a)With the objective of developing india into an exporter of primary products like raw materials and importer of manufactured products.
b)This system led to the ruining of indian handicrafts,cotton industry and agriculture.
c)This led to commercialization of agriculture (agriculture produce meant to sale in market for major profit)
further Exploitation of indian indigo cultivators to boost indigo exports.
d)Manipulation of import and export duties by the british rulers to destroy supremacy of indian goods.

Investment of british capital in india.
a)Major things were done Like development of transportation (rail network was major),communication,generation of electricity .
b)Though these seem to be the positive aspects of british policy, the main intention was to exploit the country for its manforce and natural resources.
c)Railways also help in connecting various regions like ports ,markets ,factories and easy for transport of raw and finished goods.
d)Thus britishers took this raw material through ship way to their country and sold the manufactured items to india ruining its indegenous market.

Note: 1)Although britishers focused on exploitation of indian economy, it led to development in terms of setting up of mills,heavy industries,machine building,banking and insurance facilities.
2)Naroji in his book “poverty and unbritish rule well mentioned the drain of wealth theory.
3)It was this development of communication and transportation which helped the indian leaders to carry out freedom struggle movements and reach their voice to the whole of india.