Question

Give any two examples of infectious diseases?

Answer 1

Hint: The diseases which can spread by coming in the proximity of any affected person, or by consuming the host of the disease, or inhaled or come in contact via touching something can be described as infectious disease. The causing organisms are transferred from the affected to healthy individuals.

Complete answer:
The two common examples of infectious disease are common cold and influenza:
>Common cold: A bacterial infection of the nose and throat (upper respiratory tract) is a common cold. Typically, it's harmless, but it might not be sometimes. A common cold can be caused by many types of viruses. Children under the age of 6 are most at risk for colds, but healthy adults should also expect to experience two to three colds per year. Common cold symptoms typically occur one to three days after exposure to a virus that causes a cold. Signs and symptoms that can vary from individual to individual-
- Stuffy or runny nose
- Soreness of throat
- Coughing
- Congestion

While a common cold can be caused by many types of viruses, rhinoviruses are the most common culprit. Through the mouth, eyes or nose, a cold virus enters the body. When someone who is sick coughs, sneezes or speaks, the virus will spread by droplets in the air. It also spreads with someone who has a cold or by exchanging infected items, such as utensils, towels, toys or telephones, by hand-to-hand touch.

>Influenza: It is a viral infection affecting the nose, throat and lungs that attacks the respiratory system. Influenza is generally referred to as flu, but it's not the same as diarrhoea and vomiting causing stomach flu viruses. The flu resolves on its own, for most individuals. Yet influenza and its symptoms can also be lethal. People at higher risk of complications of flu development include:
- Young children under 5 years of age, and especially those under 6 months of age.
- Adults over 65 years of age.
- Nursing home patients and other long-term care services.
- Up to two weeks after giving birth, pregnant women and women.
- People whose immune systems are compromised.

With a runny nose, sneezing and sore throat, the flu can look like a common cold at first. However, colds normally grow slowly, while the flu appears to strike abruptly. And while a cold can be a hassle, the flu generally makes you feel even worse.

Note: The organisms responsible for causing these diseases do not cause harm to their primary host and they cause complications in the secondary host only. The primary host is for their growth and development.