Question

Funaria and Marchantia are examples of
(a) Thallophyta
(b) Bryophyta
(c) Pteridophyta
(d) Phanerogams

Answer 1

Hint: These include various mosses and liverworts that are found commonly growing in moist shaded areas in the hills. They are also called amphibians of the plant kingdom and are further divided into liverworts and mosses.

Complete step-by-step answer:
An example of liverworts is Marchantia and that of moss is Funeria.
Let’s see the features of bryophytes in detail.

Additional Information:
 - Bryophyte is called amphibians of the plant kingdom because these plants can live in soil but are dependent on water for sexual reproduction.
- The plant body of bryophytes is said to be more differentiated than that of algae.
- The ploidy of the main plant body of the bryophyte is haploid. It produces gametes, hence is called a
  gametophyte.
- The sex organs in bryophytes are multicellular.
- The male sex organ is called the antheridium which produces biflagellate antherozoids.
- The female sex organ is flask-shaped called the archegonium and produces a single egg.
- Zygotes in bryophytes do not undergo reduction division immediately. They produce a multicellular body called a sporophyte.
- Species of Sphagnum, a moss, provide peat that has long been used as fuel, and as packing material for trans-shipment of living material. This is because of their capacity to hold water.
So, the correct answer is ‘Bryophyta’.

Note:
-Thallophyta: consists of simple plants like algae, fungi, lichens, etc.
- Pteridophyta: The Pteridophytes include horsetails and ferns. Their examples include Selaginella, Equisetum
- Phanerogams: plants that produce seeds are called phanerogams/phaenogams, examples of these include mango, green peas, mustard, etc.