Question

Founder of histology is
A. Huxley
B. Malpighii
C. Meyer
D. Bichat

Answer 1

Hint: Histology is the study of the microanatomy of cells, tissues, and organs under the microscope. This study is made to find the correlation between structure and function of cells, tissue and organs.

Complete answer:
Marie François Xavier Bichat (14 November 1771 – 22 July 1802) a French anatomist and pathologist, known as the father of modern histology.
Histology is the study of tissues. So, we can define the tissue as a group of cells with similar structure and function and marked by the presence of extracellular substances (non-living chemical substances) located between the cells.
Basic tissue types:
⮚ Epithelial tissue
⮚ Connective tissue
⮚ Muscular tissue
⮚ Nervous tissue


Epithelial tissues classification based on cell layers:
⮚ Simple epithelium
⮚ Stratified epithelium
⮚ Pseudostratified epithelium

Epithelium classification based on cell shape:
⮚ Squamous (flat)
⮚ Cuboidal (cube-like)
⮚ Columnar (tall and thin)
⮚ Transitional (can change shape when relaxed or distended)


Functions of Epithelium:
⮚ Simple epithelium involved with diffusion, filtration, secretion, or absorption
⮚ Stratified epithelium protects from abrasion
⮚ Squamous cells function in diffusion or filtration
⮚ Cuboidal or columnar cells secrete or absorb


Connective tissue is characterized by the presence of large amounts of extracellular materials that consist of protein fibres which are embedded in a ground substance containing tissue fluid. This extracellular material separates cells from each other. Connective tissue can be divided into the following types:
> Collagen fibres
> Elastic fibres
> Reticular fibres
> Bone
> Cartilage
>Loose or areolar connective tissue
>Dense connective tissue
> Blood
The naming of the connective tissue- The cells name is based on their functions:
⮚ Blast cells that produce the matrix of connective tissues
⮚ Cyte cells that maintain the matrix of connective tissues
⮚ Clast cells are responsible to break down the matrix required for remodelling.
Muscular tissue types:
> Skeletal muscle
> Cardiac muscle
> Smooth muscle
Nervous tissue components are:
> The cell bodies
> Axons
> Dendrites
Classification of cells based on their ability to divide and produce new cells:
> Labile cells (skin and mucous membranes)
> Stable cells
> Permanent cells (neurons and skeletal muscle cells)

So, the correct answer is an option (D), Bichat.

Note:
All organs in our body are made up of the four basic tissues:
> epithelium
> connective tissue
> muscle
> nervous tissue