Question

Who formed the Hyderabad State Congress in 1938?
A)Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia
B)Vishwanath Lawande
C)Narayan Reddy
D)Swami Ramananda Tirth

Answer 1

Hint: The Nizam of Hyderabad owned the title of the “most Faithful Ally of the British”, and he had allowed the Razakars, a militant group to operate freely. He retained his powers till 17 September 1948, when Hyderabad was incorporated into the Indian Union.

Complete answer: Let us go through the options-
Option A: Ram Manohar Lohia, was a socialist political leader, he worked with Congress radio, which was broadcasted secretly from various places in Bombay, during the last phase of British rule in India. This option is incorrect.
Option B: Vishwanath, is known for his armed struggle against Portuguese rule. The movement was called the Goa Liberation Movement and was conducted both inside and outside Goa. It was characterised by a range of tactics including nonviolent demonstrations, revolutionary methods and diplomatic efforts. This option is not correct.
Option C: Narayan Reddy, was an Indian communist fighter and a writer. He was an Indian Telugu-language poet and had produced over eighty literary works including poems, prose-plays, lyrical plays, translations, and ghazals.
Option D: The Indian National Congress, under the Haripura resolution declared that the “princely states are an integral part of India. The standing committee of the People’s convention led to the formation of Hyderabad state congress by Swami Ramananda Tirth, who was an educator, freedom fighter and a social activist who under the reign of Osman Ali Khan, the last Nizam of Hyderabad led Hyderabad liberation struggle. The Hyderabad State Congress which opposed Nizam rule as well as Razakars. In response to this, the Nizam passed a New Public Safety Act, in 1938 on 6th September deeming Hyderabad State Congress unlawful.

A leader of Indian National Congress, P.M. Bapat declared his intention of launching Satyagraha when all the negotiations with the Nizami Government ended in failures. The activists of the state congress finally initiated Satyagraha in 1938 on 24th October by forming a committee of action. In 1942, Hyderabad congress launched a nonviolent campaign of Civil disobedience along with Quit India Movement but continued to be banned till 1946 and its jailed activists were behind the bars only. In April 1946 the Nizam’s government finally ended the ban on the state Congress after the end of the Quit India Struggle in British India.

Hence the correct answer is option D.

Note: The Hyderabad issue was widely discussed in the newspapers and journals in British India. However, the Indian National Congress did not support the Satyagraha launched by the state congress.