Question

Formation of alkane by the action of Zinc on alkyl halide is called:
A. Wurtz reaction
B. Kolbe’s reaction
C. Ullmann’s reaction
D. Frankland reaction

Answer 1

Hint: - For solving this question we must know what happens in the Wurtz, Kolbe, Ullmann and Frankland reaction.

Complete answer:
The Wurtz reaction is an organic chemical coupling reaction where sodium metal reacts with two alkyl halides in the given environment by the solution of dry ether in order to form a higher alkane along with a compound containing sodium and the halogen.
$2RX\; + \;2Na\xrightarrow{{Ether}}\mathop {R - R}\limits_{alkane} $
Now in Kolbe Reaction, this reaction can be classified as a carboxylation chemical reaction. The reaction occurs when sodium phenoxide is allowed to absorb carbon dioxide and the resulting product when heated at a temperature of ${125^ \circ }C$ and a pressure of over 100 atmospheres.
\[RCOONa\; + \;{H_2}O\;\xrightarrow{{Electrolysis}}\mathop {R - R}\limits_{alkane} \]
Ullmann coupling is also known as Ullmann biaryl synthesis. The Ullmann reaction is an organic reaction used to couple two molecules of aryl halide to form a biaryl using copper metal in thermal conditions.
$2{C_2}{H_5}I\; + \;2{C_u} \to \mathop {{C_6}{H_5} - {C_6}{H_5}}\limits_{biphenyl} $
The Wurtz reaction in Sodium is used for the reaction with alkyl halides whereas in the Frankland reaction Zinc is used for the reaction with Alkyl halides.
$\mathop {2RX\; + \;Zn}\limits_{alkyl\;halide} \to \mathop {R - R}\limits_{alkane} $

Hence, option D is the correct answer because both Wurtz and Frankland reaction alkane is formed when reaction takes place between Sodium and Zinc with Alkyl halide. But in Frankland reaction alkane is formed due to reaction of Zinc with alkyl halide.

Note: - We can see that in both Wurtz and Frankland reaction alkane is formed when reaction takes place between Sodium and Zinc with Alkyl halide. But in Frankland reaction alkane is formed due to reaction of Zinc with alkyl halide. So we must be fully aware of the reaction process.