Question

Fatty substances are emulsified by-
A. Lipase enzyme.
B. Bilirubin and biliverdin.
C. HCL.
D. Sodium salts of glycolic and taurocholic acids.

Answer 1

Hint: Fatty substances are as we know essential for the body, as they provide energy and tissue development in the body. Fat’s substances get deposited with muscles and during fasting after utilization of glucose fats are used as energy providers. Fatty acids are emulsified by certain types of enzymes. We will know about that.

Complete answer:
Option A lipase enzyme: A lipase enzyme is any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of fats. Lipases on other hand are subclasses of the esterase. Lipases are enzymes that help digest, transport, and process dietary lipids.
So, option A is not correct.
Option B Bilirubin and biliverdin: Bilirubin and biliverdin are substances secreted from the liver. Bilirubin is generated from the breakdown of heme present in hemoproteins that are released from red blood cells. The heme ring is broken open by heme oxygenase forming biliverdin reductase.
So, option B is not correct.
Option C HCL: HCL is hydrochloric acid which is secreted in the stomach by the enzyme present inside it. It is highly acidic in nature which is used to dilute food particles so that it gets mixed in blood easily and nutrients can be absorbed from food and rest is carried forward to small and large intestines respectively.
So, option C is not correct.
Option D Sodium salts of glycolic and taurocholic acids: Sodium taurocholate and sodium glycocholate are sodium salts that make up the majority of mammalian bile. Glycolic acid is a conjugate of cholic acid with glycine. Taurocholic acid is a mixture of cholic acid with taurine. These bile salts help to emulsify the fatty substances for absorption.

So, option D is the correct answer.

Note:
As we discussed how they are emulsified, fatty acid molecules are usually joined together in groups of three forming a molecule called a triglyceride. Examples of some of the well-known fatty acids are- palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid linoleic acid. Long linear hydrocarbon chains having a carboxylic acid group at one end are referred to as fatty acids.