Question

Explain the physiology of digestion in the stomach.

Answer 1

Hint: The physiology and mechanism include different mechanical and chemical steps performed by various digestive system organs. Digestive gland secretions also help digest food into smaller and simpler foods that can be readily absorbed.

Complete answer:
Digestion: It is regarded as digestion to break down complex and insoluble organic substances such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats into simpler and soluble substances such as glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids, respectively, in order to be easily absorbed into the body. This is a hydrolytic process and is done by different enzymes.
It is possible to group the functions of the digestive system under five levels.
1. Ingestion: This is the introduction of food, i.e. eating and drinking, into the food tract.
2. Propulsion: This combines the contents and carries them around the food tract.
3. With digestion. It is made up of:
-Mechanical digestion: breakdown of food by, for example, chewing (mastication).
-Chemical digestion: the breakdown of food by enzymes formed by digestive glands into small molecules.
4. Absorption: This is the mechanism in which digested food substances move through the blood and lymph capillaries through the walls of the food canal to be used by body cells.
5. Elimination: undigested and unabsorbed contaminants by the process of defecation are excreted from the food canal as feces.

Note: Intestinal secretions are collectively referred to as succus entericus, or intestinal juice. It consists of goblet cell secretions and border cell brushes. In gastric juice, HCl is present to provide the optimal conditions for the enzyme pepsin to work. Bile juice and the pancreatic juice are released from the hepato-pancreatic duct covered by Oddi's Sphincter.