Question

: Explain the major classes of enzymes.

Answer 1

Hint: We know that enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts (biocatalysts). catalysts accelerate chemical reactions. And classes of enzymes are defined to easily be named.
Step by step solution:
Enzymes have common names that do not refer to their function or what kind of reaction they catalyze, then an enzyme classification system was established.
There were six classes of enzymes that were created so that enzymes could easily be named. These classes are: Oxidoreductases, Transferases, Hydrolases, Lyases, Isomerases, and Ligases.
Brief explanation:
Oxidoreductases catalyze oxidation-reduction reactions where electrons are transferred.
Transferases catalyze group transfer reactions. The transfer occurs from one molecule that will be the donor to another molecule that will be the acceptor.
Hydrolases catalyze reactions that involve hydrolysis. This case usually involves the transfer of functional groups to water. When the hydrolase acts on amide, glycosyl, peptide, ester, or other bonds, they not only catalyze the hydrolytic removal of a group from the substrate but also a transfer of the group to an acceptor compound.
Lyases catalyze reactions where functional groups are added to break double bonds in molecules or the reverse where double bonds are formed by the removal of functional groups.
Isomerases catalyze reactions that transfer functional groups within a molecule so that isomeric forms are produced.
Ligases are used in catalysis where two substrates are ligated and the formation of carbon-carbon, carbon-sulfide, carbon-nitrogen, and carbon-oxygen bonds due to condensation reactions.
Translocase are enzymes that catalyze the movement of ions or molecules across membranes or their separation within membranes.


Note: In short or in other way we can understand: Oxidoreductases =Dehydrogenase oxidase, Peroxidase reductase, Transferases = C-transferase, Glycocyltransferases, Hydrolases = Esterase, Peptidase, Lyases = C-C-lyase, C-O-A-lyase, Isomerases = Epimerase, Ligases = C-C-ligase, C-O-ligase.